These broader themes are then enriched by a demonstration of the differences on the ground. The service they performed and received is afterwards discussed and the reasons for and benefits of it analysed. The size and distribution of their landholding is then assessed and the strategies they employed for putting their estates together determined. In the political arena barons’ engagement with the apparatus of royal government, administration and justice are investigated, along with political favour and its rewards. These endeavour to quantify and qualify the power and authority that were exercised by the 66 baronial families from the reign. Three broad themes - politics, land and lordship - are then discussed in the second section. The stresses and concepts that moulded and distinguished the political culture are also set out. The first section explores structures, defining the baronage and tracing the historical development of the class. In the tradition of the political culture framework within which the study is situated, it seeks ultimately to determine the group’s motives. It considers the role of barons within the political community and attempts to characterise them, both in terms of their engagement with institutions and by exploring private power relations. This thesis is a prosopographical study of the English baronage during the reign of Richard II. It uses information contained in the Beauchamp cartulary to reconstruct the earls' affinities, and discusses the type of men the earls attracted to their retinue. Chapter Three is the most detailed of all, and is an examination of the nature and development of the bastard feudal networks in the midlands, to which the earls and their affinity belonged. Chapter Two contains an overview of the families estates in this period, as well as a discussion of the various ways in which land was added to the estates, and an examination of the setbacks which occurred. Chapter One follows the development of the family, focusing on the three Beauchamp earls, and examining to what extent their actions and personalities contributed to the family's success, as well as discussing the importance of other relatives. During these 101 years, the Beauchamp estates increased significantly, as did the families reputation. Standard Pipe Schedules (40, 80, 160, etc.This is an original thesis, which traces the history of the Beauchamp family, from the time they gained the earldom of Warwick in 1268 to the death of earl Thomas in 1369. The term NB (nominal bore) is also frequently used interchangeably with NPS The European (ISO) designation equivalent to NPS is DN (diamètre nominal/nominal diameter/Durchmesser nach Norm), in which sizes are measured in millimetres. NPS is often incorrectly called National Pipe Size, due to confusion with national pipe thread (NPT). Pipe size is specified by two designations: a nominal pipe size (NPS) for diameter based on inches, and a schedule (Sched. Data given in based on the NPS Tables given by ANSI B36.10M and includes Pipe wall thickness, outside diameter, nominal diameter.ĪNSI - American National Standards InstituteĪSME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers The following chart gives standard pipe schedule or pipes sizes as given by ANSI / ASME B36.10M and API 5L. Standard Pipe Schedules Pipe Sizes Chart Table Data
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